Immunology Quiz & Flashcards

B cells produce antibodies, while T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells have different functions.

The spleen filters blood and removes pathogens, whereas the other options are not primary functions of the spleen.

Vaccines introduce antigens to stimulate immunity, not by killing pathogens directly or producing antibiotics.

Innate immunity provides an immediate response, while specific and adaptable features are of adaptive immunity.

Helper T cells activate other immune cells; they do not produce antibodies or engulf pathogens.

T cells recognize protein antigens presented by MHC molecules, not lipids, carbohydrates, or nucleic acids.

Macrophages engulf and digest pathogens, unlike options related to oxygen or glucose functions.

Mast cells release histamine during allergic reactions, unlike macrophages, B cells, or cytotoxic T cells.

Adaptive immunity is acquired after exposure to a disease, different from passive or innate immunity.

MHC presents antigens to T cells, not related to UV protection, blood sugar, or genetic material storage.

Cytokines signal and regulate immune responses, unlike functions related to oxygen, energy, or DNA.

Cytotoxic T cells kill virus-infected cells, unlike B cells, helper T cells, or dendritic cells.

IgA is found in mucosal areas, while IgG, IgM, and IgE have different primary locations or functions.

Autoimmune diseases involve the immune system attacking self-tissues, not due to infections or lack of response.

The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ, while spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer's patches are secondary.

Dendritic cells present antigens to T cells, not related to storing fat, producing antibodies, or hormones.

The lymphatic system transports lymph containing immune cells, not related to oxygen or red blood cell functions.

Neutrophils are key phagocytes, unlike plasma cells, basophils, or erythrocytes which have different roles.

Regulatory T cells suppress immune responses, unlike the other options which are different immune functions.

Passive immunity is transferred from another individual, unlike the other options involving active immunity.

Cytotoxic T cells recognize infected cells via MHC presentation, not through antibodies, histamine, or DNA detection.

Type I hypersensitivity involves IgE antibodies, unlike the other types which involve different mechanisms.

Perforin forms pores in target cells, not related to stimulating B cells, neutralizing toxins, or binding antigens.

Antigen exposure triggers an adaptive immune response, while the other options do not directly relate to immunity.

Memory cells are crucial for immunological memory, unlike plasma cells, erythrocytes, or basophils.

Interferons prevent viral replication in cells, not directly killing viruses or performing other listed functions.

Natural killer cells identify targets by the lack of MHC molecules, not through antibodies, histamine, or pathogen signals.

Active immunity involves antigen exposure, while passive involves antibody transfer, unlike the other options.

IgE antibodies are involved in allergic reactions, unlike the other functions performed by different antibody classes.

Clonal selection is the proliferation of antigen-specific lymphocytes, not random selection or destruction of cells.

The complement system enhances phagocytosis and lyses pathogens, unlike other functions listed.

IgG antibodies provide the majority of antibody-based immunity, unlike the other specific roles of different antibodies.

A pathogen causes disease, while an antigen triggers an immune response, not necessarily causing disease.

Neutrophils are involved in inflammation, unlike cytotoxic T cells, erythrocytes, or B cells.

T cells release cytokines to activate B cells, not through direct lysis or producing antibodies.

Histamine causes blood vessels to dilate, unlike the other immune functions listed.

Lymph nodes filter lymph and house immune cells, not involved in nutrient storage or body temperature regulation.

Lymphocytes are central to adaptive immunity, unlike neutrophils, macrophages, or erythrocytes.

Self-cells are recognized through self-antigens on MHC, not by antibodies or DNA or histamine levels.

Plasma cells produce antibodies, unlike the functions associated with the other options.

The secondary response is faster and more robust due to memory cells, unlike the primary response.

The thymus matures T cells, unlike the functions of filtering blood or producing antibodies.

Humoral immunity involves antibodies, while cell-mediated involves T cells, not related to speed or being passive.

Macrophages are key antigen-presenting cells, unlike erythrocytes, T cells, or B cells.

Peyer's patches monitor intestinal bacteria, unlike the other functions listed.

The misconception is that vaccines cause autism; they actually prevent diseases and stimulate immune response.

Basophils release histamine during allergic responses, not related to the other functions listed.

The body responds faster and stronger due to memory cells, unlike the other options.